Syria Adopts Constitutional Declaration for Transitional Period

On March 13, 2025, Syria's interim President Ahmed al-Sharaa signed the Constitutional Declaration of the Syrian Arab Republic, establishing a legal framework for the country's five-year transitional period following the ousting of the Assad regime.

Key Provisions of the Declaration

• Presidential System: The declaration sets up a presidential system with the executive power concentrated in the president, who appoints ministers without the position of prime minister.
• Islamic Law: Islamic jurisprudence is enshrined as the main source of legislation.
• People's Assembly: A unicameral People's Assembly serves as the interim parliament during the transition, overseeing the drafting of a new permanent constitution.
• Judicial Appointments: The president appoints judges to the constitutional court without requiring parliamentary approval.

Reactions and Implications

The declaration has received mixed reactions. While it aims to provide stability and a legal framework during the transition, concerns have been raised about the concentration of power in the executive branch and the potential impact on judicial independence. The international community continues to monitor the situation, emphasizing the need for inclusive governance and respect for human rights during Syria's rebuilding process.