Syria
On May 17, 2025, the Syrian government established the National Commission for Transitional Justice (NCTJ) to address past human rights violations, ensure accountability, and support national reconciliation. The commission operates with full legal personality and enjoys administrative and financial independence, carrying out its mandate across the entire territory of Syria.
The NCTJ is tasked with uncovering the truth about grave violations committed by the previous regime, ensuring accountability for perpetrators, and supporting victims and survivors. The commission aims to contribute to justice and healing in the aftermath of the Assad regime's abuses.
The commission has faced criticism for focusing solely on atrocities committed by the Ba'athist regime, raising concerns about its exclusion of victims of other factions during the civil war, including opposition forces. Critics also question whether the commission's mandate will expand to include violent acts committed by forces associated with the new authorities. Human Rights Watch stated that the commission's narrow focus excludes many victims and limits its effectiveness in achieving comprehensive justice.
The success of the NCTJ will depend on its ability to address these criticisms and implement a truly inclusive transitional justice process. Ensuring transparency, impartiality, and broad representation will be crucial for the commission to gain public trust and effectively contribute to Syria's path toward reconciliation and justice.
